Warehouse storage involves various systems and solutions designed to optimize space utilization, improve inventory management, and enhance operational efficiency. The choice of storage forms depends on the type of goods, warehouse size, and the specific operational requirements.
In its modern warehouses, Patchems, a third-party logistics (3PL) service provider, emphasizes the verticalization of space, strategically reducing the required square footage for warehousing operations and subsequently lowering rental costs.
We, at Patchems, understand the most effective storage solutions and other warehousing operations, customized to suit your SKU types, volumes, and unique requirements. Given that storage solutions are closely intertwined with picking operations, selecting the appropriate Warehouse Management System (WMS) is also crucial.
Here are the primary forms of storage used in warehouses:
Pallet Racking: This is one of the most common forms of storage, allowing materials to be stored on pallets in horizontal rows with multiple levels. There are several types of pallet racking systems, including selective, drive-in/drive-through, push-back, and pallet flow racks.
Shelving: Shelving is a versatile and widely used storage solution in various settings. The choice of shelving type depends on the items to be stored, available space, load capacity, and accessibility requirements.
In warehousing, shelving systems are designed to maximize space utilization, improve inventory management, and enhance operational efficiency. The specific types of shelving used in warehouses typically support a wide range of products, accommodate varying load capacities, and allow for easy access and organization. Each type of shelving in a warehouse setting is selected based on the specific needs of the operation, including the types of items stored, space availability, and the desired efficiency of inventory management and retrieval processes. Here are the key types of shelving systems commonly found in warehouses:
- Steel Shelving: This is one of the most durable and sturdy shelving options, ideal for storing heavy items or products that require robust support. Steel shelving can be either open, providing access from all sides, or closed with side and back panels.
- Rivet Shelving (Boltless Shelving): Known for its easy assembly and adjustability, rivet shelving is a versatile option that can accommodate a variety of item sizes and weights. It’s suitable for bulky or heavy items and can be accessed from all sides.
- Wire Shelving: Offering excellent ventilation and visibility of stored items, wire shelving is commonly used for items that require air circulation or where cleanliness and moisture resistance are priorities. It’s lightweight, adjustable, and can be used in both dry and cool storage environments.
- Plastic Shelving: For environments where corrosion resistance is important, such as in chemical storage or outdoor areas, plastic shelving is a practical choice. It’s lightweight, easy to clean, and resistant to rust and corrosion.
- Mobile Shelving (Compact Shelving): To maximize space utilization, mobile shelving systems are mounted on floor tracks. They can be compacted together when access is not needed and expanded to create aisles. This type is ideal for high-density storage of smaller items.
- Mezzanine Shelving: Utilizing vertical space, mezzanine shelving systems add a second or third level of shelving above the main floor. This is effective in maximizing the use of warehouse height and is often integrated with conveyor systems or lifts.
- Multi-tier Shelving: Like mezzanine systems but more extensive, multi-tier shelving creates multiple storage levels within the warehouse. It’s ideal for manual picking operations and maximizes vertical space for small to medium-sized items.
- Cantilever Shelving: For storing long, bulky items such as timber, pipes, and boards, cantilever shelving is an excellent choice. It has arms that extend from the vertical column, providing clear access and storage without front obstructions.
- Modular Shelving: Offering flexibility, modular shelving can be easily reconfigured or expanded to meet changing storage needs. It’s suitable for a wide range of products and can be adjusted for height and shelf spacing.
- Heavy-Duty Shelving: Designed to support heavier loads, heavy-duty shelving systems are constructed with reinforced steel and are used for storing industrial-grade materials and equipment.
Mezzanine Flooring: Mezzanines add a semi-permanent floor system within a warehouse, effectively doubling or tripling the usable surface area. They are ideal for storage, work areas, or office space above the warehouse floor.
Cantilever Racking: Designed for long, awkwardly shaped items such as timber, pipes, and boards. Cantilever racks have arms extending from the racking column, providing an unobstructed storage shelf.
Mobile Shelving: Also known as compactus, mobile shelving units are mounted on wheeled traction systems. They can be compacted together to save space and expanded to access individual shelves.
Multi-tier Racking: Similar to mezzanine flooring but with racks as the base structure. This system is suitable for high warehouses with light goods and can be equipped with stairs, walkways, and conveyors.
Automated Storage and Retrieval Systems (ASRS): These are automated systems that store and retrieve products with minimal human intervention. ASRS can dramatically increase efficiency and reduce labor costs. Types include vertical lift modules (VLMs), carousel systems, and robotic shuttles.
Vertical Storage Systems: These systems, including vertical carousels and vertical lift modules, maximize warehouse height, storing goods in a vertical manner and retrieving them with the push of a button.
Bulk Storage: For very large or heavy items that don’t need to be accessed frequently, bulk storage areas might be designated on the warehouse floor without racking. This method is often used for items like coal, grain, or sand.
Hanging Storage: Some warehouses use hanging systems for garments or other items that are best stored vertically to prevent wrinkling or damage.
Security Cages: For high-value items, warehouses may use locked security cages within the facility to prevent theft or unauthorized access.
Each storage form has its advantages and is chosen based on specific warehousing needs, including the types of products stored, available space, budget constraints, and operational efficiency goals.
Patchems’ warehouses and distribution centers, managed on behalf of its clients, have examined the most effective methods of storage and
